Abstract: Under the “Dual Carbon” strategy and ecological civilization construction, hydropower development in alpine and high-altitude regions, as a crucial component of clean energy, faces significant challenges in ecological restoration. To address the ecological degradation caused by hydropower development in these areas and establish a systematic ecological restoration technology system suitable for the region, this paper reviews the current status and bottlenecks of ecological restoration technologies, analyzes the vulnerability characteristics of alpine ecosystems and their responses to hydropower disturbances, and highlights core issues such as soil erosion, ecosystem service degradation, and biodiversity loss. A pathway for constructing a systematic restoration technology system is proposed, including key technologies such as soil system reconstruction, vegetation community restoration, hydro-ecological regulation, and novel eco-material applications. Future research directions are outlined, emphasizing multi-scale ecological coupling mechanisms, adaptive restoration technologies, and intelligent monitoring platforms. The findings provide scientific and technical support for harmonizing hydropower development with ecological protection in alpine regions.